Electrical Engineering

Perovskites are the basis of many multi-functional optically-sensitive devices such as solar cells and photodetectors. They can be processed using solution-based techniques and are suitable for applications on flexible substrates. While the rapid improvement in performance of these devices have been reported extensively, the reasons accounting for different losses (hence, performance limits) have not been studied as thoroughly. Most reports that provide maximum theoretical efficiency do not account for electron and hole transport layers (ETL and HTL).

Electrostatic Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) actuators find use in a large spectrum of areas. Typical actuation voltages lie in the 10-100V range. However, CMOS integrated circuits typically operate with a supply voltage of around 1V. There is hence a lot of interest in the design and fabrication of actuators with sub-1V actuation voltage. A novel method to reduce the actuation voltage was proposed by Alam et al (NanoLett, 204) using the negative capacitance provided by a ferroelectric material connected in series with the MEMS actuator.